Huang Lian for Diabetes
The rapidly increasing diabetes
mellitus (DM) is becoming a major public health issue globally; considerable
progress has been made in the field of western hypoglycemic drug and insulin,
but some shortages still exist. As one of the most important parts in
complementary and alternative therapies, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)
performs a good clinical practice and is showing a bright future in the
treatment of DM. TCM therapy has certain advantages of less toxicity and/or
side effects, and Chinese herbal medicine which usually contains various active
ingredients could provide multiple therapeutic effects. Huang Lian (Rhizoma
coptidis, RC) is a herb frequently used in many traditional formulas for
properties of "clearing damp-heat, quenching fire, and counteracting
poison" in Asia for centuries. In this review, we summarize the
application of RC in the treatment of DM from two aspects of contents. Firstly,
theoretical principles are explained, including the properties and related records
about RC in ancient references and modern pharmacological researches and
pharmacokinetics on RC and its active components. Secondly, the clinical
application of RC is mainly reviewed, such as applicable stage and syndrome,
the reasonable dose range, the preparation formulations, and the toxicity
and/or side effects and solutions to its adverse actions. This review provides
scientific evidence about the effective components, pharmacological researches,
and toxicity of RC, as well as introducing traditional Chinese medical theory
and clinical experience, in order to guide clinician to use RC more suitably
and reasonably in the clinical practice.
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